Championship leader and home crowd favourite Lewis Hamilton achieved his 46th career pole position at the fast and challenging Silverstone circuit.
Nico Rosberg had to settle with second place after leading the way through the first two segments of qualifying, but Hamilton had the advantage thanks to his first runs in Q3, which proved enough to take pole by 0.113 seconds when neither improved later on.
Mercedes ended up with a clear seven-tenth gap to the rest of the field, as Williams got the better of Ferrari to be best-of-the-rest at Silverstone.
Williams locked out the second row of the grid, with Felipe Massa improving on his second Q3 run to edge out team-mate Valtteri Bottas by less than a tenth.
Kimi Raikkonen outqualified Ferrari team-mate Sebastian Vettel for only the second time this season by setting the fifth quickest time.
Vettel dropped time in the final sector on his first Q3 run and was then held up in traffic on his final effort so was unable to improve.
Red Bull Racing’s Daniil Kvyat edged out the sister team of Toro Rosso as driven by Carlos Sainz Jr by just 0.013 seconds to take seventh.
As for team-mate Daniel Ricciardo, the honey badger wound up slowest of the top ten runners after losing his best lap in Q3 to a track-limits offence at Copse corner and a late improvement on his single new-tyre run by Nico Hulkenberg in the Force India.
The second revised VJM08 of Sergio Perez missed out on a chance to make the top ten shootout after running wide at Copse on his best lap.
Perez ended up in P11, just a few tenths clear of Romain Grosjean, until the Lotus driver had his best time deleted for a track limits offence.
Fortunately for Grosjean, his second best lap was still good enough for P12, ahead of a frustrated Max Verstappen.
The Toro Rosso rookie complained about a lack of rear grip throughout qualifying, which ended disappointingly after the STR10 showed strong form throughout free practice.
Verstappen was close to dropping out in Q1 after having his best time deleted for exceeding track limits at Copse, then struggled to P13 in Q2.
Pastor Maldonado was also penalised for exceeding track limits in Q1 and Q2 and wound up P14, fractionally slower than Verstappen but over three tenths clear of Marcus Ericsson.
Sauber team-mate Felipe Nasr, the McLaren-Hondas of Fernando Alonso and Jenson Button, and both Manor Marussias filled the bottom five places on the timesheet.
Both Nasr and Alonso agonisingly missed the Q2 cut by less than a tenth of a second, thanks to Maldonado having his best time scrubbed for running off the track at Copse.
So another front row grid slot for Mercedes and a popular qualifying result for the British crowd favourite Lewis Hamilton.
Can the reigning world champion score a win at his home race on Sunday? He looks at ease in the W06 Hybrid all season and race victory at Silverstone will certainly be a highlight.
Qualifying positions, Silverstone:
1 Lewis Hamilton Mercedes 1m32.248s
2 Nico Rosberg Mercedes 1m32.361s
3 Felipe Massa Williams-Mercedes 1m33.085s
4 Valtteri Bottas Williams-Mercedes 1m33.149s
5 Kimi Raikkonen Ferrari 1m33.379s
6 Sebastian Vettel Ferrari 1m33.547s
7 Daniil Kvyat Red Bull-Renault 1m33.636s
8 Carlos Sainz Toro Rosso-Renault 1m33.649s
9 Nico Hulkenberg Force India-Mercedes 1m33.673s
10 Daniel Ricciardo Red Bull-Renault 1m33.943s
11 Sergio Perez Force India-Mercedes 1m34.268s
12 Romain Grosjean Lotus-Mercedes 1m34.430s
13 Max Verstappen Toro Rosso-Renault 1m34.502s
14 Pastor Maldonado Lotus-Mercedes 1m34.511s
15 Marcus Ericsson Sauber-Ferrari 1m34.868s
16 Felipe Nasr Sauber-Ferrari 1m34.888s
17 Fernando Alonso McLaren-Honda 1m34.959s
18 Jenson Button McLaren-Honda 1m35.207s
19 Will Stevens Marussia-Ferrari 1m37.364s
20 Roberto Merhi Marussia-Ferrari 1m39.377s